{"id":27891,"date":"2018-08-23T03:21:50","date_gmt":"2018-08-23T08:21:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/?p=27891"},"modified":"2022-06-03T03:34:43","modified_gmt":"2022-06-03T08:34:43","slug":"how-to-enforce-password-quality-in-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-enforce-password-quality-in-linux\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Enforce Password Quality in Linux"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"bsf_rt_marker\"><\/div><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27896\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/How-to-Enforce-Password-Quality-in-Linux.jpg\" alt=\"How to Enforce Password Quality in Linux\" width=\"742\" height=\"372\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/How-to-Enforce-Password-Quality-in-Linux.jpg 742w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/How-to-Enforce-Password-Quality-in-Linux-150x75.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/How-to-Enforce-Password-Quality-in-Linux-300x150.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 742px) 100vw, 742px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One of the easiest ways to improve the security of your server is to ensure that everyone&#8217;s password meets a certain minimum length. There are, of course, other considerations like the mix of small and capital letters, numbers, and special characters. But a minimum password length gives you the most &#8220;bang for the buck&#8221;. Each additional character in a password increases its strength exponentially. In this article, we&#8217;ll show you how to enforce a minimum password length for all your users in Linux.<\/span><!--more--><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_65 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-transparent ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-663df66c0f20f\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-663df66c0f20f\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-enforce-password-quality-in-linux\/#Step-1-Ensure-that-you-Have-Administrator-Permissions\" title=\"Step 1: Ensure that you Have Administrator Permissions\">Step 1: Ensure that you Have Administrator Permissions<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-enforce-password-quality-in-linux\/#Step-2-Checking-the-Existing-Minimum-Length\" title=\"Step 2: Checking the Existing Minimum Length\">Step 2: Checking the Existing Minimum Length<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-enforce-password-quality-in-linux\/#Step-3-Open-the-pwqualityconf-File\" title=\"Step 3: Open the pwquality.conf File\">Step 3: Open the pwquality.conf File<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-enforce-password-quality-in-linux\/#Step-4-Set-the-Minimum-Password-Length\" title=\"Step 4: Set the Minimum Password Length\">Step 4: Set the Minimum Password Length<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-enforce-password-quality-in-linux\/#Step-5-Verify-the-Changes\" title=\"Step 5: Verify the Changes\">Step 5: Verify the Changes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-enforce-password-quality-in-linux\/#Step-6-Optional-Configure-Other-Password-Parameters\" title=\"Step 6 (Optional): Configure Other Password Parameters\">Step 6 (Optional): Configure Other Password Parameters<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-1-Ensure-that-you-Have-Administrator-Permissions\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Step 1: Ensure that you Have Administrator Permissions<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The changes we&#8217;ll be making require you to either be root or have &#8220;sudo&#8221; permissions. Getting sudo permissions is another discussion altogether. But if you want to switch to root from any other user, just type the following command:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">su - root<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Enter your root password and you&#8217;re good to go. It&#8217;s worth mentioning that performing tasks while logged in as root is almost never a good idea. Get sudo permissions and do what you need to do from there!<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-2-Checking-the-Existing-Minimum-Length\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Step 2: Checking the Existing Minimum Length<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By default, your current password configuration should already have a minimum length set up. For our installation, this is 8 characters. You can check the validity of any password using the following command:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pwscore<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hit &#8220;Enter&#8221; and type your password into the blank line that follows. For example:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-27892 alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Enforce-Password-Quality-in-Linux.jpg\" alt=\"Enforce Password Quality in Linux\" width=\"600\" height=\"204\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Enforce-Password-Quality-in-Linux.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Enforce-Password-Quality-in-Linux-150x51.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Enforce-Password-Quality-in-Linux-300x102.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the screenshot above, you can see we&#8217;ve entered the password &#8220;1234567&#8221;. This falls short of the minimum password length of 8, so we get an error message informing us. Of course, this password falls short of many other requirements too. But the minimum length is the first to be checked.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-3-Open-the-pwqualityconf-File\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Step 3: Open the pwquality.conf File<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All your password requirements are specified in the following file:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\/etc\/security\/pwquality.conf<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Along with the minimum length, it allows you to assign various degrees of importance to the characteristics of your password. We&#8217;ll take a look at those a bit later. For now, just open it using a text editor:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">vi \/etc\/security\/pwquality.conf<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Now let&#8217;s set the minimum length<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-4-Set-the-Minimum-Password-Length\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Step 4: Set the Minimum Password Length<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the text editor, scroll down till you see this line:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"># minlen = 9\r\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27893\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Password-Quality-in-Linux.jpg\" alt=\"Password Quality in Linux\" width=\"600\" height=\"445\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Password-Quality-in-Linux.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Password-Quality-in-Linux-150x111.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Password-Quality-in-Linux-300x223.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>\r\n<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To change the minimum length, do these two things:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Remove the hash (#) character from the beginning of the line<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Change the length to your desired length<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Change the following parameters to &#8220;0&#8221; and Remove the hash (#) for them as well<\/span>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">dcredit<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ucredit<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">lcredit<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ocredit<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So if you want the minimum length to be 10, change minlen and the others as shown here:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27894\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Enforce-Password-Quality-Linux.jpg\" alt=\" Enforce Password Quality Linux\" width=\"600\" height=\"431\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Enforce-Password-Quality-Linux.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Enforce-Password-Quality-Linux-150x108.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Enforce-Password-Quality-Linux-300x216.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Save the file.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-5-Verify-the-Changes\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Step 5: Verify the Changes<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Now when we use the &#8220;pwscore&#8221; command again, the new password length is enforced. Here&#8217;s proof:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27895\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/How-to-Enforce-Password-Quality-Linux.jpg\" alt=\"How to Enforce Password Quality Linux\" width=\"600\" height=\"208\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/How-to-Enforce-Password-Quality-Linux.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/How-to-Enforce-Password-Quality-Linux-150x52.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/How-to-Enforce-Password-Quality-Linux-300x104.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In this screenshot, we use the password &#8221; qjtdysi7&#8243; &#8211; one more than last time. Since we&#8217;ve set &#8220;minlen&#8221; to 10, the minimum password length is now 9.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-6-Optional-Configure-Other-Password-Parameters\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Step 6 (Optional): Configure Other Password Parameters<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In Step 4, we&#8217;ve disabled &#8220;credits&#8221;, which gives passwords points for things like digits, capital letters, and characters different from the previous password. The default for those was &#8220;1&#8221;, which means that each time you use one of these characters, the score is added to the length.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If we omit Step 4, that it allows users to bypass the minimum length by using a mix of characters and digits. So for example, a &#8220;minlen&#8221; of 9 could be overcome by the previous password:<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">qjtdysi7<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While this has only 8 characters, it contains a digit and lowercase alphabets. Which increases the score to 10 and thus meets our password requirements.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can adjust the &#8220;minlen&#8221; parameter to a higher number and give people additional points password complexity. You can set the various credits to a negative number to force that specific amount of characters. Do a &#8220;dcredit&#8221; value of -3 means that the password must have at least 3 digits.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The &#8220;pwquality.conf&#8221; file documents all these parameters, and you can create password rules that are as complex as you like! But here we show you how to get started with a minimum length. You can take it from there!<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>You don&#8217;t have to enforce\u00a0 password quality on your Linux machine if you are one of our Managed Linux VPS Hosting clients, in which case you can simply ask our technical support to enforce your Linux password for you. They are available 24\/7 and will take care of it asap.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>One of the easiest ways to improve the security of your server is to ensure that everyone&#8217;s password meets a &#8230; <\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more-container\"><a title=\"How to Enforce Password Quality in Linux\" class=\"read-more button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-enforce-password-quality-in-linux\/#more-27891\" aria-label=\"Read more about How to Enforce Password Quality in Linux\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":27896,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1703,21],"tags":[27,32],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to Enforce Password Quality in Linux - RoseHosting<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"How to Enforce Password Quality in Linux - 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