{"id":26586,"date":"2018-05-03T02:09:56","date_gmt":"2018-05-03T07:09:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/?p=26586"},"modified":"2023-01-05T05:41:10","modified_gmt":"2023-01-05T11:41:10","slug":"how-to-install-tomcat-9-on-debian-9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-tomcat-9-on-debian-9\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Install Tomcat 9 on Debian 9"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"bsf_rt_marker\"><\/div><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-26621 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/How-to-Install-Tomcat-9-on-Debian-9.jpg\" alt=\"How to Install Tomcat 9 on Debian 9\" width=\"1200\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/How-to-Install-Tomcat-9-on-Debian-9.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/How-to-Install-Tomcat-9-on-Debian-9-150x75.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/How-to-Install-Tomcat-9-on-Debian-9-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/How-to-Install-Tomcat-9-on-Debian-9-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/How-to-Install-Tomcat-9-on-Debian-9-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/How-to-Install-Tomcat-9-on-Debian-9-860x430.jpg 860w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/How-to-Install-Tomcat-9-on-Debian-9-680x340.jpg 680w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/How-to-Install-Tomcat-9-on-Debian-9-500x250.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/How-to-Install-Tomcat-9-on-Debian-9-400x200.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/How-to-Install-Tomcat-9-on-Debian-9-200x100.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/How-to-Install-Tomcat-9-on-Debian-9-50x25.jpg 50w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Installing Tomcat 9 on Debian 9 is a fairly easy task, just carefully follow our tutorial below and you should have Tomcat 9 installed on your Debian 9 server in less than 10 minutes. Tomcat is an open-source web server and servlet container developed by the Apache Software Foundation, it was previously known as Tomcat or Jakarta Tomcat. Tomcat is required if you want to deploy and execute Java applications that are written in Java technologies including Java Servlet, JSP, etc. In this tutorial, we show you how to install Tomcat 9 on Debian 9. If your machine is running CentOS 7, you can follow our tutorial on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/install-tomcat-9-on-centos-7\/\">how to install Tomcat 9 on CentOS 7.<\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_65 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-transparent ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-662ddf0217889\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-662ddf0217889\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-tomcat-9-on-debian-9\/#1-Prerequisites\" title=\"1. Prerequisites\">1. Prerequisites<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-tomcat-9-on-debian-9\/#2-Login-and-update-the-system\" title=\"2. Login and update the system\">2. Login and update the system<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-tomcat-9-on-debian-9\/#3-Install-Java\" title=\"3. Install Java\">3. Install Java<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-tomcat-9-on-debian-9\/#4-Install-Tomcat-9-on-Debian-9\" title=\"4. Install Tomcat 9 on Debian 9\">4. Install Tomcat 9 on Debian 9<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-tomcat-9-on-debian-9\/#5-Create-Tomcat-9-user-account\" title=\"5. Create Tomcat 9 user account\">5. Create Tomcat 9 user account<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-tomcat-9-on-debian-9\/#6-Enable-HostManager-for-Remote-IP\" title=\"6. Enable Host\/Manager for Remote IP\">6. Enable Host\/Manager for Remote IP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-tomcat-9-on-debian-9\/#7-StartStop-Tomcat-Service\" title=\"7. Start\/Stop Tomcat Service\">7. Start\/Stop Tomcat Service<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1-Prerequisites\"><\/span>1. Prerequisites<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Tomcat requires Java JDK to be installed on the machine. You can either install Oracle JDK or OpenJDK. You need to have Java version 8 or higher installed on your system to run Tomcat 9.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2-Login-and-update-the-system\"><\/span>2. Login and update the system<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Login to your Debian 9 VPS via SSH as user root<\/p>\n<pre>ssh root@IP_Address -p7022<\/pre>\n<pre>apt update\r\napt upgrade<\/pre>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3-Install-Java\"><\/span>3. Install Java<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In this tutorial, we are using Java version 10.01<\/p>\n<p>Go to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oracle.com\/technetwork\/java\/javase\/downloads\/jdk10-downloads-4416644.html\">http:\/\/www.oracle.com\/technetwork\/java\/javase\/downloads\/jdk10-downloads-4416644.html<\/a> and download the archive file:<\/p>\n<pre>wget http:\/\/download.oracle.com\/otn-pub\/java\/jdk\/10.0.1+10\/fb4372174a714e6b8c52526dc134031e\/jdk-10.0.1_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz?AuthParam=1524098700_a9d659266ceb23794153d6c6060cdc44 -O jdk-10.0.1_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz<\/pre>\n<p>Extract the tarball.<\/p>\n<pre>tar -xzvf jdk-10.0.1_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz<\/pre>\n<p>Now, let&#8217;s create some environment variables<\/p>\n<pre>nano \/etc\/profile.d\/tomcat9<\/pre>\n<p>Add the following lines to the file:<\/p>\n<pre>export CATALINA_HOME=\"\/usr\/local\/apache-tomcat-10.0.1\"\r\nexport JAVA_HOME=\"\/usr\/lib\/jvm\/jdk-10.0.1\"\r\nexport JRE_HOME=\"\/usr\/lib\/jvm\/jdk-10.0.1\/jre\"<\/pre>\n<p>Run this command to load the environment variables now:<\/p>\n<pre>source \/etc\/profile.d\/tomcat9<\/pre>\n<p>Configure the newly installed Oracle Java JDK as default on your system. Invoke the following commands:<\/p>\n<pre>update-alternatives --install \"\/usr\/bin\/java\" \"java\" \"\/usr\/lib\/jvm\/jdk-10.0.1\/bin\/java\" 1\r\nupdate-alternatives --install \"\/usr\/bin\/javac\" \"javac\" \"\/usr\/lib\/jvm\/jdk-10.0.1\/bin\/javac\" 1\r\nupdate-alternatives --install \"\/usr\/bin\/javaws\" \"javaws\" \"\/usr\/lib\/jvm\/jdk-10.0.1\/bin\/javaws\" 1<\/pre>\n<p>Let&#8217;s correct the permissions and ownership of the executable files<\/p>\n<pre>chmod a+x \/usr\/bin\/java\r\nchmod a+x \/usr\/bin\/javac\r\nchmod a+x \/usr\/bin\/javaws\r\nchown -R root: \/usr\/lib\/jvm\/jdk-10.0.1<\/pre>\n<p>Now, let&#8217;s run this command:<\/p>\n<pre>update-alternatives --config java<\/pre>\n<p>If you see the following message:<\/p>\n<pre>There is only one alternative in link group java (providing \/usr\/bin\/java): \/usr\/lib\/jvm\/jdk-10.0.1\/bin\/java\r\nNothing to configure.<\/pre>\n<p>It means that you have never installed Java before, you installed it just now.<br \/>\nIf you see another message, containing Java versions to choose from, then you have installed another Java version before.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4-Install-Tomcat-9-on-Debian-9\"><\/span>4. Install Tomcat 9 on Debian 9<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Now, let&#8217;s proceed with the Apache Tomcat 9 installation<\/p>\n<p>Go to Apache Tomcat official download website http:\/\/tomcat.apache.org\/download-90.cgi and download the tarball version under Core<\/p>\n<pre>curl -O http:\/\/apache.mirrors.tds.net\/tomcat\/tomcat-9\/v9.0.7\/bin\/apache-tomcat-9.0.7.tar.gz<\/pre>\n<p>Extract the tarball using the following command:<\/p>\n<pre>tar -xzvf apache-tomcat-9.0.7.tar.gz<\/pre>\n<p>Then, move the uncompressed directory to \/opt<\/p>\n<pre>mv apache-tomcat-9.0.7 \/opt\/tomcat<\/pre>\n<p>As this stage, the tomcat directory is owned by root.<br \/>\nFor security reasons, it is not recommended to run Tomcat as user root, so we will create a new system user<\/p>\n<pre>useradd -r tomcat9 --shell \/bin\/false<\/pre>\n<p>Change the ownership of the extracted directory to tomcat user we created just now.<\/p>\n<pre>chown -R tomcat9: \/opt\/tomcat\/<\/pre>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5-Create-Tomcat-9-user-account\"><\/span>5. Create Tomcat 9 user account<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>You can create a new Tomcat user in order to be able to access the Tomcat manager. Open the tomcat-users.xml file and add the following lines:<\/p>\n<pre>nano \/opt\/tomcat\/conf\/tomcat-users.xml\r\n\r\n&lt;role rolename=\"admin-gui\" \/&gt;\r\n&lt;user username=\"admin\" password=\"PASSWORD\" roles=\"manager-gui,admin-gui\"\r\n&lt;\/tomcat-users&gt;<\/pre>\n<p>Don\u2019t forget to replace PASSWORD with an actual strong password.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6-Enable-HostManager-for-Remote-IP\"><\/span>6. Enable Host\/Manager for Remote IP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>By default, manager and host-manager pages are only accessible from localhost, or from a browser running on the same machine as Tomcat. It means, if you access from another IP address, you will see error 403 message. To access the pages from remote IPs, you need to allow your remote IP address in each deployed webapp. You can do it by editing context.xml file.<\/p>\n<pre>Manager File: webapps\/manager\/META-INF\/context.xml\r\nHost Manager File: webapps\/host-manager\/META-INF\/context.xml<\/pre>\n<p>Edit the context.xml file and add your IP address in the &#8220;allow&#8221; section<\/p>\n<pre>&lt;Context antiResourceLocking=\"false\" privileged=\"true\" &gt;\r\n &lt;Valve className=\"org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve\"\r\n allow=\"127\\.\\d+\\.\\d+\\.\\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1|123.123.123.123\" \/&gt;\r\n&lt;Manager sessionAttributeValueClassNameFilter=\"java\\.lang\\.(?:Boolean|Integer|Long|Number|String)|org\\.apache\\.catalina\\.filters\\.CsrfPreventionFilter\\$LruCache(?:\\$$\r\n&lt;\/Context&gt;\r\n<\/pre>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7-StartStop-Tomcat-Service\"><\/span>7. Start\/Stop Tomcat Service<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>By default, tomcat uses port 8080, make sure you don&#8217;t have another application running on the same port before running tomcat.<\/p>\n<p>To start tomcat, you can invoke this command:<\/p>\n<pre>\/opt\/tomcat\/bin\/startup.sh<\/pre>\n<p>The output you will see after invoking the command:<\/p>\n<pre>Using CATALINA_BASE: \/opt\/tomcat\r\nUsing CATALINA_HOME: \/opt\/tomcat\r\nUsing CATALINA_TMPDIR: \/opt\/tomcat\/temp\r\nUsing JRE_HOME: \/usr\r\nUsing CLASSPATH: \/opt\/tomcat\/bin\/bootstrap.jar:\/opt\/tomcat\/bin\/tomcat-juli.jar\r\nTomcat started.<\/pre>\n<p>To stop it, use the command:<\/p>\n<pre>\/opt\/tomcat\/bin\/shutdown.sh<\/pre>\n<p>You can access tomcat at http:\/\/IP_address:8080\/\u00a0on your web browser.<\/p>\n<p>You will be able to access the Apache Tomcat Manager by clicking the \u2018Manager App\u2019 button on the homepage, or directly at http:\/\/IP_address:8080\/manager\/html using user \u2018admin\u2019 and password \u2018PASSWORD\u2019 we created earlier.<\/p>\n<p>To access Tomcat from a fully qualified domain name and use port 80 instead of 8080, you can add the following apache virtual host file:<\/p>\n<pre>&lt;VirtualHost *:80&gt;\r\nServerName yourdomain.com\r\n\r\nProxyRequests Off\r\nProxyPreserveHost On\r\n\r\n&lt;Proxy *&gt;\r\nOrder deny,allow\r\nAllow from all\r\n&lt;\/Proxy&gt;\r\n\r\nProxyPass \/ http:\/\/localhost:8080\/\r\nProxyPassReverse \/ http:\/\/localhost:8080\/\r\n&lt;\/VirtualHost&gt;<\/pre>\n<p>Restart apache, then you will be able to access tomcat at http:\/\/yourdomain.com<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-26625\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/installing-tomcat-9-on-debian-9.jpg\" alt=\"installing tomcat 9 on debian 9\" width=\"800\" height=\"664\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/installing-tomcat-9-on-debian-9.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/installing-tomcat-9-on-debian-9-150x125.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/installing-tomcat-9-on-debian-9-300x249.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/installing-tomcat-9-on-debian-9-768x637.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/installing-tomcat-9-on-debian-9-680x564.jpg 680w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/installing-tomcat-9-on-debian-9-500x415.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/installing-tomcat-9-on-debian-9-400x332.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/installing-tomcat-9-on-debian-9-200x166.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/installing-tomcat-9-on-debian-9-50x42.jpg 50w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-26622\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Install-Tomcat-9-on-Debian-9.jpg\" alt=\"Install Tomcat 9 on Debian 9\" width=\"300\" height=\"213\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Install-Tomcat-9-on-Debian-9.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Install-Tomcat-9-on-Debian-9-150x107.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Install-Tomcat-9-on-Debian-9-200x142.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Install-Tomcat-9-on-Debian-9-50x36.jpg 50w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>Of course, you don&#8217;t have to install Tomcat 9 on Debian 9 if you use one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/tomcat-hosting.html\">SSD Tomcat Hosting<\/a> services, in which case you can simply ask our expert Linux admins to install Tomcat 9 for you. They are available 24\/7 and will take care of your request immediately.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">PS<\/span><\/strong>. If you liked this post, on how to install Tomcat 9 on Debian 9, please share it with your friends on social networks using the buttons on the left or simply leave a reply below. Thanks.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Installing Tomcat 9 on Debian 9 is a fairly easy task, just carefully follow our tutorial below and you should &#8230; <\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more-container\"><a title=\"How to Install Tomcat 9 on Debian 9\" class=\"read-more button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-tomcat-9-on-debian-9\/#more-26586\" aria-label=\"Read more about How to Install Tomcat 9 on Debian 9\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":26621,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1700,1707],"tags":[48,90],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to Install Tomcat 9 on Debian 9 - RoseHosting<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"How to Install Tomcat 9 on Debian 9 - RoseHosting\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-tomcat-9-on-debian-9\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Install Tomcat 9 on Debian 9 - 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