{"id":45051,"date":"2023-05-10T12:30:00","date_gmt":"2023-05-10T17:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/?p=45051"},"modified":"2023-06-01T09:47:56","modified_gmt":"2023-06-01T14:47:56","slug":"how-to-install-apache-tomcat-on-debian-11","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-apache-tomcat-on-debian-11\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Install Apache Tomcat on Debian 11"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"bsf_rt_marker\"><\/div><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"742\" height=\"372\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/how-to-install-apache-tomcat-on-debian-11.jpg\" alt=\"how to install apache tomcat on debian 11\" class=\"wp-image-45525\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/how-to-install-apache-tomcat-on-debian-11.jpg 742w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/how-to-install-apache-tomcat-on-debian-11-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/how-to-install-apache-tomcat-on-debian-11-150x75.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 742px) 100vw, 742px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this tutorial, we are going to explain how to install Apache Tomcat on Debian 11 OS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Apache Tomcat or Tomcat is open-sourced application written in Java used for rendering Java web pages and executing Java web servlets. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p>Tomcat is developed and maintained by an open community of developers, which is growing on a daily basis. In this tutorial will install <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/tomcat-hosting\/\">Tomcat on Debian 11<\/a> and show you how to configure a reverse proxy with Apache as a web server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For this setup, we will need up to 15 minutes for everything to be configured properly. Let&#8217;s get started!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_65 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-transparent ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-662b379aa42b7\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-662b379aa42b7\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-apache-tomcat-on-debian-11\/#Prerequisites\" title=\"Prerequisites\">Prerequisites<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-apache-tomcat-on-debian-11\/#Step-1-Update-the-System\" title=\"Step 1. Update the System\">Step 1. Update the System<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-apache-tomcat-on-debian-11\/#Step-2-Install-Java\" title=\"Step 2. Install Java\">Step 2. Install Java<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-apache-tomcat-on-debian-11\/#Step-3-Create-Tomcat-User\" title=\"Step 3. Create Tomcat User\">Step 3. Create Tomcat User<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-apache-tomcat-on-debian-11\/#Step-4-Install-Tomcat\" title=\"Step 4. Install Tomcat\">Step 4. Install Tomcat<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-apache-tomcat-on-debian-11\/#Step-5-Create-Tomcat-Service-File\" title=\"Step 5. Create Tomcat Service File\">Step 5. Create Tomcat Service File<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-apache-tomcat-on-debian-11\/#Step-6-Install-Apache\" title=\"Step 6. Install Apache\">Step 6. Install Apache<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-apache-tomcat-on-debian-11\/#Step-7-Create-Reverse-Proxy\" title=\"Step 7. Create Reverse Proxy\">Step 7. Create Reverse Proxy<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Prerequisites\"><\/span>Prerequisites<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>A server with Debian 11 as OS<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Valid domain pointed to the servers IP address<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>User privileges: root or non-root user with sudo privileges<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-1-Update-the-System\"><\/span>Step 1. Update the System<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Before we start with the installation, we need to update the system packages to their latest version available:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo apt-get update -y &amp;&amp; sudo apt-get upgrade -y<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-2-Install-Java\"><\/span>Step 2. Install Java<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Since Tomcat is written in Java, we need to install it with the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo apt install default-jdk -y<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>To verify the installed version, execute the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">java --version<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>You should get output similar to this:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">root@host:~# java --version\nopenjdk 11.0.18 2023-01-17\nOpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.18+10-post-Debian-1deb11u1)\nOpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 11.0.18+10-post-Debian-1deb11u1, mixed mode, sharing)\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-3-Create-Tomcat-User\"><\/span>Step 3. Create Tomcat User<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To create a Tomcat user, execute the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">useradd -m -d \/opt\/tomcat -U -s \/bin\/false tomcat<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-4-Install-Tomcat\"><\/span>Step 4. Install Tomcat<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Before we can install Tomcat and make service files, we need to download it first:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">cd \/opt\n\nwget https:\/\/downloads.apache.org\/tomcat\/tomcat-10\/v10.1.6\/bin\/apache-tomcat-10.1.6.tar.gz \n\ntar -xzvf apache-tomcat-11.0.0-M3.tar.gz -C \/opt\/tomcat --strip-components=1\n\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Set the right permissions to the Tomcat directory:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">chown -R tomcat:tomcat \/opt\/tomcat\/<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Also, set the execute permissions on scripts in the bin directory of the Tomcat installation:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">chmod -R u+x \/opt\/tomcat\/bin<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-5-Create-Tomcat-Service-File\"><\/span>Step 5. Create Tomcat Service File<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Create a systemd file:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">nano \/etc\/systemd\/system\/tomcat.service<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Paste the following lines into it:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">[Unit]\nDescription=\"Tomcat Service\"\nAfter=network.target\n\n[Service]\nType=forking\nUser=tomcat\nGroup=tomcat\n\nEnvironment=\"JAVA_HOME=\/usr\/lib\/jvm\/java-1.11.0-openjdk-amd64\"\nEnvironment=\"JAVA_OPTS=-Djava.security.egd=file:\/\/\/dev\/urandom\"\nEnvironment=\"CATALINA_BASE=\/opt\/tomcat\"\nEnvironment=\"CATALINA_HOME=\/opt\/tomcat\"\nEnvironment=\"CATALINA_PID=\/opt\/tomcat\/temp\/tomcat.pid\"\nEnvironment=\"CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms512M -Xmx1024M -server -XX:+UseParallelGC\"\n\nExecStart=\/opt\/tomcat\/bin\/startup.sh\nExecStop=\/opt\/tomcat\/bin\/shutdown.sh\n\n[Install]\nWantedBy=multi-user.target\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Save the file, close it and start the service.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo systemctl start tomcat<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>To check the status of the service, execute the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">root@host:\/opt\/tomcat# systemctl status tomcat\n\u25cf tomcat.service - \"Tomcat Service\"\n     Loaded: loaded (\/etc\/systemd\/system\/tomcat.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)\n     Active: active (running) since Fri 2023-03-03 16:05:53 CST; 1min 19s ago\n   Main PID: 11146 (java)\n      Tasks: 29 (limit: 4675)\n     Memory: 166.0M\n        CPU: 8.531s\n     CGroup: \/system.slice\/tomcat.service\n             \u2514\u250011146 \/usr\/lib\/jvm\/java-1.11.0-openjdk-amd64\/bin\/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=\/opt\/tomcat\/conf\/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=or&gt;\n\nMar 03 16:05:53 host.test.vps systemd[1]: Starting Tomcat webs servlet container...\nMar 03 16:05:53 host.test.vps startup.sh[11139]: Tomcat started.\nMar 03 16:05:53 host.test.vps systemd[1]: Started Tomcat webs servlet container.\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, the service is up and running, and you can access Tomcat at <b>http:\/\/YourServerIPAdrress:8080<\/b>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-6-Install-Apache\"><\/span>Step 6. Install Apache<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To install the Apache Web server execute the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo apt-get install apache2 -y<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>After installation, start and enable the service:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo systemctl start apache2 &amp;&amp; sudo systemctl enable apache2<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>To check the status of the Apache service, execute the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sudo systemctl status apache2<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>You should get the following output:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">root@host:\/opt\/tomcat# sudo systemctl status apache2\n\u25cf apache2.service - The Apache HTTP Server\n     Loaded: loaded (\/lib\/systemd\/system\/apache2.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)\n     Active: active (running) since Thu 2023-03-02 17:21:52 CST; 23h ago\n       Docs: https:\/\/httpd.apache.org\/docs\/2.4\/\n   Main PID: 420 (apache2)\n      Tasks: 9 (limit: 4675)\n     Memory: 27.9M\n        CPU: 4.532s\n     CGroup: \/system.slice\/apache2.service\n             \u251c\u2500 420 \/usr\/sbin\/apache2 -k start\n             \u251c\u2500 428 \/usr\/sbin\/apache2 -k start\n             \u251c\u2500 429 \/usr\/sbin\/apache2 -k start\n             \u251c\u2500 430 \/usr\/sbin\/apache2 -k start\n             \u251c\u2500 431 \/usr\/sbin\/apache2 -k start\n             \u251c\u2500 432 \/usr\/sbin\/apache2 -k start\n             \u251c\u2500 598 \/usr\/sbin\/apache2 -k start\n             \u251c\u25003916 \/usr\/sbin\/apache2 -k start\n             \u2514\u25005728 \/usr\/sbin\/apache2 -k start\n\nMar 02 17:21:52 host.test.vps systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...\nMar 02 17:21:52 host.test.vps systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-7-Create-Reverse-Proxy\"><\/span>Step 7. Create Reverse Proxy<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>We need to create an Apache configuration file and set up the reverse proxy so you can access it via the domain name.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Go into the Apache directory and create a configuration file for the Tomcat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">cd \/etc\/apache2\/sites-available\/\n\ntouch tomcat.conf\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Open the file, paste the following lines of code, save the file and close it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">&lt;VirtualHost *:80&gt;\nServerName <b>yourdomain.com<\/b>\nDocumentRoot \/opt\/tomcat\n\nProxyRequests Off\n&lt;Proxy *&gt;\nOrder deny,allow\nAllow from all\n&lt;\/Proxy&gt;\n\nProxyPass \/ http:\/\/YourServerIP:8080\/\nProxyPassReverse \/ http:\/\/YourServerIP:8080\/\n&lt;Location \/&gt;\nOrder allow,deny\nAllow from all\n&lt;\/Location&gt;\n\n\nErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}\/error.log\nCustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}\/access.log combined\n\n&lt;\/VirtualHost&gt;\n\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Enable the Apache configuration for Tomcat and rewrite the module.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">a2dissite 000-default.conf\n\nsudo a2enmod rewrite\n\nsudo a2ensite tomact.conf\n\nsudo a2enmod proxy\n\nsudo a2enmod proxy_http\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Check the syntax:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">apachectl -t<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>You should receive the following output:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">root@vps:~# apachectl -t\nSyntax OK\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>If the syntax is OK, restartd the Apache service.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">systemctl restart apache2\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Once the Apache service is restarted, you can access Tomcat via domain at <b>http:\/\/yourdomain.com<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Congratulations! You successfully installed Tomcat on Debian 11 with Apache as a reverse proxy. If you find it difficult to complete these steps, feel free to contact us anytime you want. We are available 24\/7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you liked this post on how to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/apache-hosting\/\">install Apache<\/a> Tomcat on Debian 11, please share it with your friends on social networks or simply leave a reply below. Thanks.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this tutorial, we are going to explain how to install Apache Tomcat on Debian 11 OS. Apache Tomcat or &#8230; <\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more-container\"><a title=\"How to Install Apache Tomcat on Debian 11\" class=\"read-more button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-install-apache-tomcat-on-debian-11\/#more-45051\" aria-label=\"Read more about How to Install Apache Tomcat on Debian 11\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":45525,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1700,13],"tags":[37,48,90],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to Install Apache Tomcat on Debian 11 - RoseHosting<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how to install Apache Tomcat on Debian 11 with our step-by-step guide. 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