{"id":28190,"date":"2018-09-18T03:27:32","date_gmt":"2018-09-18T08:27:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/?p=28190"},"modified":"2023-04-05T02:15:05","modified_gmt":"2023-04-05T07:15:05","slug":"how-to-run-commands-simultaneously-in-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-run-commands-simultaneously-in-linux\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Run Commands Simultaneously in Linux"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"bsf_rt_marker\"><\/div><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-28201\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/How-to-Run-Commands-Simultaneously-in-Linux.jpg\" alt=\"How to Run Commands Simultaneously in Linux\" width=\"742\" height=\"372\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/How-to-Run-Commands-Simultaneously-in-Linux.jpg 742w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/How-to-Run-Commands-Simultaneously-in-Linux-150x75.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/How-to-Run-Commands-Simultaneously-in-Linux-300x150.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 742px) 100vw, 742px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s say you&#8217;re editing a configuration file in the Linux &#8220;vi&#8221; editor, and suddenly need to look up some data in another file? On a regular GUI system, this wouldn&#8217;t be a problem. You just open the second file, check when you need, and then switch back to the first program. On a command line, it isn&#8217;t that simple. Executing a process via the CLI blocks further input on any other program. Take this sleep command, for example,:<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-28191 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/multiple-commands-simultaneously.jpg\" alt=\"Mutliple Commands Simultaneously\" width=\"600\" height=\"209\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/multiple-commands-simultaneously.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/multiple-commands-simultaneously-150x52.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/multiple-commands-simultaneously-300x105.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>While it&#8217;s running for 30 minutes, we can&#8217;t do anything else. However, we can still manually manage processes and run command simultaneously in Linux using the &#8220;bg&#8221; and &#8220;fg&#8221; commands. Here&#8217;s how it works.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_65 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-transparent ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-662dd892956ad\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-662dd892956ad\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-run-commands-simultaneously-in-linux\/#Ctrlc-and-Ctrlz\" title=\"Ctrl+c and Ctrl+z\">Ctrl+c and Ctrl+z<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-run-commands-simultaneously-in-linux\/#Resuming-a-Suspended-Job\" title=\"Resuming a Suspended Job\">Resuming a Suspended Job<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-run-commands-simultaneously-in-linux\/#Running-Commands-Immediately-in-the-Background\" title=\"Running Commands Immediately in the Background\">Running Commands Immediately in the Background<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"western\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ctrlc-and-Ctrlz\"><\/span>Ctrl+c and Ctrl+z<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>We all know that if a process is misbehaving, ctrl+c just shuts it down. Either a program is running for too long, or it&#8217;s leaving a huge output that&#8217;s scrolling by faster than you can see it! Pressing Ctrl+c aborts the process immediately with something called a SIGINT signal. This tells the process to wrap up what it&#8217;s doing and abort immediately.<\/p>\n<p>In most cases, this works, but keep in mind that it&#8217;s up to each process to decide how to handle it. Some processes like vi ask for confirmation before exiting &#8211; usually with good reason since aborting without warning can lead to data loss or corruption.<\/p>\n<p>However, instead of killing a process with Ctrl+c, you can <i>suspend<\/i> it instead. And this is where Ctrl+z is useful. Pressing Ctrl+z temporarily <i>pauses<\/i> a program and sends it to the background. For example:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28192\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Simultaneous-Commands-in-Linux.jpg\" alt=\"Simultaneous Commands in Linux\" width=\"600\" height=\"210\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Simultaneous-Commands-in-Linux.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Simultaneous-Commands-in-Linux-150x53.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Simultaneous-Commands-in-Linux-300x105.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In the image above, we started to edit the file &#8220;test&#8221; with the vi text editor. Then we pressed Ctrl+z. This &#8220;stops&#8221; the process or suspends it. These are called &#8220;jobs&#8221;, and each job has a number. This number is shown whenever we suspend a process in square brackets. For example, the job number of the suspended vi application is 1.<\/p>\n<p>Now that the process is suspended, we&#8217;re back to the command prompt, where we&#8217;re free to execute other commands!<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"western\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Resuming-a-Suspended-Job\"><\/span>Resuming a Suspended Job<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Keep in mind that a suspended job like the vi editor above isn&#8217;t running anymore. It&#8217;s in a temporary freeze waiting to be revived. We can revive it in two ways:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Revive the job and bring it to the foreground (and hog the command line)<\/li>\n<li>Revive the job and send it to the <i>background<\/i> (and we can continue doing other stuff)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>To reactivate the suspended job and bring it to the foreground, we use the command:<\/p>\n<pre>fg %<b>n<\/b><\/pre>\n<p>Where &#8220;n&#8221; represents the job number. So if you&#8217;ve finished looking up your data and want to get back to editing the file in vi, we type:<\/p>\n<pre>fg %1<\/pre>\n<p>If we want the process to resume operations and remain in he background, we type:<\/p>\n<pre>bg %<b>n<\/b><\/pre>\n<p>Where &#8220;n&#8221; is again the job number. So if you have a process that needs to work continuously (like say installing Apache), but still need to do other stuff on the command line, you can resume its operations using the &#8220;bg&#8221; command.<\/p>\n<p>If you forget the job number for your processes, don&#8217;t worry. Just use this command:<\/p>\n<pre>jobs -l<\/pre>\n<p>This will show a list of existing jobs with their status and job number like this:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28193\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Running-Commands-Simultaneously-in-Linux.jpg\" alt=\"Running Commands Simultaneously in Linux\" width=\"600\" height=\"236\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Running-Commands-Simultaneously-in-Linux.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Running-Commands-Simultaneously-in-Linux-150x59.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Running-Commands-Simultaneously-in-Linux-300x118.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>So there&#8217;s never any danger of losing track of too many jobs.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Running-Commands-Immediately-in-the-Background\"><\/span>Running Commands Immediately in the Background<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The above scenario shows you how to suspend a process with Ctrl+z, and then resume its operations in the background with &#8220;bg %n&#8221;. However, we can combine these two commands by simply typing an ampersand symbol (&amp;) after a command. This will immediately send it into the background. For example:<br \/>\nsleep 30m &amp;<br \/>\nExecutes the sleep command for 30 minutes, and the process will continue to run for 30 minutes in the background like this:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28194\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/How-do-You-Run-Commands-Simultaneously-in-Linux.jpg\" alt=\"How do You Run Commands Simultaneously in Linux\" width=\"600\" height=\"171\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/How-do-You-Run-Commands-Simultaneously-in-Linux.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/How-do-You-Run-Commands-Simultaneously-in-Linux-150x43.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/How-do-You-Run-Commands-Simultaneously-in-Linux-300x86.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Very convenient! As before, you can use the &#8220;fg&#8221; command to bring the process to the foreground again and then kill it or suspend it as you wish.<\/p>\n<p><b>Warning:<\/b> When sending a process to the background like this, make sure that it doesn&#8217;t generate any output to the command line or stdout! Make sure you <i>redirect<\/i> the output to a file or something. Otherwise, it will continue to run in the background and fill the command line with its output and you won&#8217;t even be able to kill it with Ctrl+c because it&#8217;s not running in the foreground.<\/p>\n<p>So with that caveat, you now know how to run commands simultaneously in Linux and can multitask yours to your heart&#8217;s content.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>If you are one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\">fully-managed<\/a> customers, you can always ask one of our system administrators via live chat or ticket, to help with\u00a0 any aspect regarding managing your Linux server, they are available 24\/7h.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Let&#8217;s say you&#8217;re editing a configuration file in the Linux &#8220;vi&#8221; editor, and suddenly need to look up some data &#8230; <\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more-container\"><a title=\"How to Run Commands Simultaneously in Linux\" class=\"read-more button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rosehosting.com\/blog\/how-to-run-commands-simultaneously-in-linux\/#more-28190\" aria-label=\"Read more about How to Run Commands Simultaneously in Linux\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":28201,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1236,2071,13],"tags":[103,27,1749],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - 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