A New Leopard-Like Apex Predator Ruled the Jungle 30 Million Years Ago

Bastetodon, a leopard-like apex predator, probably dined on early forms of primates, hippos, and elephants.

By Paul Smaglik
Feb 18, 2025 10:30 PMFeb 19, 2025 7:41 PM
Artwork of how Bastetodon likely appeared.
Artwork of how Bastetodon likely appeared. (Credit: Ahmad Morsi)

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There’s a new king in town — if the town you’re talking about is the Egyptian jungle 30 million years ago.

Paleontologists unearthed a nearly complete skull of an apex predator, which likely hunted early versions of primates, hippos, and elephants in what is now a desert. The skull included sharp teeth and signs of powerful jaw muscles. The scientists described it as having a hypercarniverous diet in recent study published in the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology.

"It’s just gorgeous," says Matthew Borths, a curator at the Duke Lemur Center Museum of Natural History and a co-author of the paper. "It’s the most complete cranium of an apex carnivore from this part of the Fayum. It’s not crushed. It’s just so pretty. I also immediately realized it had huge jaw muscles for a very powerful chomp."

The leopard-like animal skull was found in the Fayum Depression. Paleontologists digging in that area have so far unearthed fossils covering about 15 million years of mammalian evolution.

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